Adult:
1-4 mg via IM inj or 0.5-2 mg IV inj every 3-4 hr.
Intravenous
AS AN ADJUNCT IN BALANCED ANAESTHESIA
Adult:
2 mg shortly before induction, followed by 0.5-1 mg in increments during anaesthesia.
Nasal
RELIEF OF MODERATE TO SEVERE PAIN
Adult:
Initially, 1 mg, repeated after 60-90 min if necessary; may be repeated after 3-4 hr when necessary. For severe pain, initial dose can be 2 mg, repeated only after 3-4 hr.
Elderly: Initial dose: ½ usual adult dose. Recommended dose interval: at least 6 hr.
Precautions
Elderly; renal and hepatic impairment; hypertensive patients (when used preoperatively); patients with acute myocardial infarction; head injury; lactation; patients on MAO inhibitor or within 2 wk of treatment withdrawal.
Potentially Life-threatening
Adverse Drug Reactions
Sedation, dizziness, physical dependence, with or without psychological dependence; dyspnoea, confusion, headache, nausea, vomiting, drowsiness, constipation; hallucinations, mental depression, HTN and paradoxical CNS excitation (especially in children); rash, syncope, tinnitus, vertigo, diaphoresis, withdrawal syndrome.
Adverse Drug Reactions
Respiratory depression, convulsions.
Interactions
Additive depressant effects with other CNS depressants eg, general anaesthetics, phenothiazines or other tranquilizers, sedatives, hypnotics, antihistamines or alcohols.
